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Why Franklin Fire rages: Science behind Southern California’s extreme conditions

Santa Ana wind generator

Extreme dryness

The combination of exceptionally low relative humidity, and bone-dry vegetation has created horrendous fire-weather conditions.

When these factors are paired with Santa Ana winds, the recipe can be catastrophic.

The terrain amplifier

Look no farther than the mountains of California. The rugged terrain plays a crucial role in increasing the winds and fire danger.

Below, we’ve exaggerated the region’s topography to highlight the mountains and valleys.

California topographic simulation

Santa Monica Mountains and Malibu Canyon

The Santa Monica Mountains, located just north of Malibu, Calif., act as a natural wind funnel. The Malibu Canyon channels the winds, accelerating them as they approach the coast––further intensifying the pressure on the fire zone.

The climate context

Southern California is transitioning out of its dry season, but the region has been particularly parched.

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