Martinez was also among five Premier League players included in the men's team of the year alongside Ruben Dias , William Saliba , Rodri and Haaland, with six LaLiga players completing the side including Black Country-born star Jude Bellingham.
Martinez also won the award in 2022 after helping Argentina to World Cup glory after a penalty shoot-out against France.
The 32-year-old beat Gianluigi Donnarumma, Ederson, Andriy Lunin, Mike Maignan, David Raya and Unai Simon to the award. He had also won the Yashin Trophy at this year's Ballon d'Or awards.
Elsewhere, United States head coach Emma Hayes was named best women's coach for a second time while Real Madrid winger Vinicius Jr was named best men's player.
The 48-year-old Hayes guided Chelsea to a fifth successive Women's Super League title last season before leaving to take over the United States and leading them to Olympic gold in Paris .
Brazil star Vinicius and his club Real Madrid failed to turn up at the Ballon d'Or award ceremony in October when he lost out to Manchester City's Rodri, but he picked up his first FIFA award after Lionel Messi took the prize in the previous two years.
Vinicius got his hands on the award after he helped Real win LaLiga and the Champions League in 2023-24 and scored 24 goals in all competitions, with 11 assists.
Vinicius reversed the order from the Ballon d'Or, finishing in first place ahead of Rodri, with Stourbridge’s Bellingham third and Erling Haaland and Kylian Mbappe among those completing thelist.
Barcelona and Spain midfielder Aitana Bonmati was named best women's player for a second successive year and Carlo Ancelotti was crowned best coach of the year to complete a successful night for Spanish football.
Manchester United winger Alejandro Garnacho won the Puskas Award for his sensational overhead kick against Everton in November 2023 . Marta won the equivalent award for the best goal in women's football, named after the Brazil forward herself. ¶The winners of The Best FIFA Football Awards 2024 ¶The Best FIFA Men's Player 2024 winner: Vinicius Junior (Brazil/Real Madrid) ¶The Best FIFA Men's Coach 2024 winner: Carlo Ancelotti (Real Madrid) ¶The Best FIFA Men's Goalkeeper 2024 winner: Emiliano Martinez ( Argentina /Aston Villa) ¶The Best FIFA Women's Player 2024 winner: Aitana Bonmati ( Spain /Barcelona) ¶The Best FIFA Marta Award 2024 Winner: Marta (Brazil) ¶The Best FIFA Women's Coach 2024 winner: Emma Hayes (USA/Chelsea) ¶The Best FIFA Women's Goalkeeper 2024 winner: Alyssa Naeher (USA/Chicago Red Stars) ¶The Best FIFA Puskas Award 2024 winner: Alejandro Garnacho (Manchester United)