Eagles boss Oliver Glasner revealed on Sunday that the cente-back had suffered “a heavy bone bruise” and was on crutches.
James Trafford has also been called up after Nick Pope withdrew from the squad.
Newcastle goalkeeper Pope suffered a concussion during Saturday’s 3-1 Premier League defeat away at Brentford.
Anthony Gordon has also withdrawn after suffering a possible recurrence of a hip injury last week, ruling him out of the weekend trip to west London.
The Football Association confirm that Guehi will be assessed by England’s medical team in the “coming days”.
Chelsea defender Chalobah was called up to the England squad for the first time earlier this year and he made his debut against Senegal in June.
The 26-year-old has not played for England since then, but Thomas Tuchel said in September that Chalobah was “unlucky” not to be in his squad.
England have already qualified for next summer’s World Cup and so their games with Serbia and Albania this week are effectively dead rubbers.
The Three Lions will host Serbia at Wembley Stadium on Thursday, before travelling to face Albania on Sunday.