However, Arsenal have played one more match than top competitor Manchester City, who on Saturday booked a place in the FA Cup final with a 2-1 victory over Southampton.
The match winner for Arsenal was Eberechi Eze, who scored the winning goal at the Emirates Stadium in the ninth minute. The goal came after a short corner, and Eze's shot from just outside the penalty area was untouchable for Newcastle goalkeeper Nick Pope.
National team striker Viktor Gyökeres started on the bench for Arsenal but was brought on in the 34th minute for the injured Kai Havertz.
Arsenal had been league leaders for 200 days when Manchester City slipped past them on Wednesday thanks to better goal difference.
At that time both teams were on 70 points. Now Arsenal have 73 points with four games left to play. City have five games left in the league.
On Wednesday, Arsenal travel to Atlético Madrid for the first leg of their two-legged Champions League semi-final. The next Premier League match is at home to Fulham on May 2.
Arsenal – 73 points (+38 in goal difference) in 34 games.
Schedule: Fulham (home), West Ham (away), Burnley (home), Crystal Palace (away).
Manchester City – 70 points (+37) in 33 games.
Schedule: Everton (away), Brentford (home), Bournemouth (away), Crystal Palace (home), Aston Villa (home).