A January report of an official investigation found that Canada was slow to respond to Chinese and Indian attempts to interfere in the 2019 and 2021 polls. However, these attempts did not affect the results.
CSIS deputy director Vanessa Lloyd noted that [Russia]( https://www.newsbytesapp.com/news/world/russia-2 ) and Pakistan could also potentially conduct foreign interference activities against [Canada]( https://www.newsbytesapp.com/news/world/canada ).
"It is possible that Russia will use these online networks to opportunistically conduct foreign information manipulation and interference operations directed at Canadians," she said.