Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the longitudinal changes of IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-1Ra in extremely preterm infants and investigate the dynamic association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
Methods
Plasma samples were collected from extremely preterm infants at postnatal day (PD) 7,28 and PMA 36 weeks. IL-1 cytokines concentrations were measured by Bio-Plex Pro (human cytokine panel). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the association between the cytokines and BPD.
Results
BPD infants exhibited significantly higher concentrations of IL-1α (10.75 vs. 8.18 pg/ml, p = 0.026), IL-1β (2.00 vs. 1.50 pg/ml, p = 0.046), and IL-1Ra (878.50 vs. 262.40 pg/ml, p = 0.011) compared to non-BPD infants at PD 28. Higher IL-1α concentration (≥8.09 pg/ml) at PD 28 was independently associated with BPD development (OR: 8.272, 95% CI: 1.127–60.705, p = 0.038).
Conclusions
Increased IL-1α concentrations at PD 28 were independently associated with an increased risk of BPD.
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Fig. 1: Flowchart of case selection.
Fig. 2: Box plots of plasma IL-1 family in BPD and non-BPD groups at different time points.
Fig. 3: The forest plot of the multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge Zilu Huang and Yijun Liu for their assistance in acquiring the blood samples.
Funding
This study is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101803 & 82371707 & 32100082), Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (SZSM202211001), and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Maternal and Child Health and Diseases (ZDSYS20230626091559006).
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Authors and Affiliations
Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
Qingling Li, Cuihui Li, Yunbei Rao, Dongshan Han, Xuan Wang, Lingling Yang, Chuanzhong Yang & Xueyu Chen
Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
Yiran Chen
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Maternal and Child Health and Diseases, Shenzhen, China
Chuanzhong Yang & Xueyu Chen
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Qingling Li
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2. Cuihui Li
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3. Yunbei Rao
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4. Dongshan Han
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5. Xuan Wang
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6. Lingling Yang
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Contributions
XYC, CZY, and QLL conceived the study and designed the experiments. QLL, XYC, CHL, and YBR carried out the clinical data collection. DSH, XW, and LLY collected the clinical samples. QLL, XYC, and YRC performed data analysis. QLL and XYC wrote the manuscript. XYC and CZY reviewed and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Correspondence to Chuanzhong Yang or Xueyu Chen.
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The study was approved by the Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital Institutional Ethical Committee [SFYLS (2021) 019].
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Li, Q., Li, C., Rao, Y. et al. Dynamic association between plasma interleukin-1 family concentrations and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature infants. J Perinatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02275-4
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Received:01 October 2024
Revised:17 February 2025
Accepted:14 March 2025
Published:30 March 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02275-4
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