Nigerian women make up a significant proportion of foreign women giving birth in several countries.
A study done in Calgary in Canada found 24.5% of foreign women identified as having travelled abroad to give birth were from Nigeria. Research in Chicago in the US found the majority (88%) of those seeking obstetric care in a hospital were Nigerian citizens. In the UK, the phenomenon is labelled by some as the “Lagos Shuttle”, highlighting the high number of Nigerian women said to be so-called “birth tourists”.
It is estimated that over 23% of pregnant Nigerian women would like to travel abroad to give birth.
Why is this? As medical and legal scholars we asked women who had travelled overseas for the birth of their babies to share their experiences.
Existing research has not done enough to capture their voices, which matter in framing service delivery and immigration policies.
We reported findings from this first-of-its-kind study in [PLOS](https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0003737) Global Public Health.
As there is no registry of foreign pregnant women who gave birth abroad, it is a challenge to find them. For our study, we used social media platforms to recruit 27 Nigerian women who had given birth to at least one child abroad and conducted in-depth interviews with them to understand their motivations and experiences.
Of all recruited, 23 gave birth to at least one child in the US, and four gave birth to at least one child in the UK. One woman each gave birth in Canada, Ireland and Zambia.
All the women in the study had at least a university degree.
We found that reasons for seeking childbirth abroad varied.
Some women were motivated by both perceived and experienced gains of foreign citizenship, which they believed might give their children a good education, a better living environment and easier access to jobs and loans.
However, it was not all about citizenship. Another motivation was to benefit from “better healthcare”, especially for those who had either had bad experiences during previous births in Nigeria or were concerned because they were carrying what they called a “precious baby”, for example, after years of infertility.
Many women in the study also sought childbirth abroad because it is where they had loved ones to support them through pregnancy, childbirth and having a newborn — a motivation not previously reported.
Indeed, the number of Nigerians living in the US has increased over time and as of 2023, over 760,000 Americans identify as being of Nigerian origin. Essentially, more than one in 10 African immigrants in the US are Nigerians.